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In Missouri, Cori Bush, a progressive activist, upset the 10-term incumbent William Lacy Clay Jr., marking another major step forward for the progressive movement in its bid to threaten centrist officials.
Kansas Republicans on Tuesday soundly rejected the Senate bid of Kris W. Kobach, a polarizing figure in state politics and a staunch ally of President Trump’s, choosing instead to nominate a conservative congressman who was the preferred choice of party leaders.
Mr. Kobach was defeated in the primary by Representative Roger Marshall, The Associated Press reported, a major relief to G.O.P. officials in Kansas and Washington who had worried that Mr. Kobach would uniquely jeopardize the seat in the general election and would be a thorn in the side of party leadership if he won. Mr. Marshall will face State Senator Barbara Bollier, a former Republican herself who switched parties, in November.
In Missouri, a progressive activist, Cori Bush, pulled off a stunning upset against the longtime incumbent William Lacy Clay Jr., The A.P. reported, marking a turning point for the progressive movement in its bid to threaten more centrist elected officials. If she wins in November, Ms. Bush, a nurse who was a local leader in the Black Lives Matter movement in St. Louis, would be the first person outside the Clay family to represent the seat in more than 50 years.
Ms. Bush, 44, would also become the first Black woman to represent Missouri in Congress.
In a closely watched Democratic House race in Michigan, Representative Rashida Tlaib was facing a tough challenge from her 2018 rival, Brenda Jones, with little of the vote having been reported late in the evening. Ms. Tlaib is a member of the progressive “squad” of women of color who helped shape the party’s House majority.
Mr. Kobach, a former Kansas secretary of state known for his hard-line views on immigration and voting rights, was seen by party leaders as an especially weak potential general election candidate, even in a state that has not sent a Democrat to the Senate in 88 years. In the 2018 governor’s race, Mr. Kobach lost to Laura Kelly, a Democrat, and heading into this week’s contest, Senate Republican polling showed that nearly 30 percent of Republican primary voters indicated they would support Ms. Bollier in the general election if Mr. Kobach were the nominee.
Early results indicated that Mr. Kobach lost counties he had won handily in the 2018 primary, and in some places he lost last cycle, the margins of defeat were bigger this time. A rival candidate, Bob Hamilton, a businessman who started a successful plumbing company and has lent his own campaign several million dollars, also took some counties Mr. Kobach had won in the 2018 primary. (His slogan: “Send in a plumber to drain the swamp.”)
It is possible that the race could still be in play this fall, as Republicans confront a challenging political landscape shaped by disapproval of Mr. Trump’s leadership during the coronavirus crisis. But Republicans and Democrats alike expected the state to be much more competitive if Mr. Kobach had won the nomination.
Kansas was one of several states, including Missouri, Michigan and Arizona, holding some of the last remaining primaries before November’s general election. It was a new test of the mail-in voting systems that many states are relying on during the coronavirus pandemic. The lack of immediate results in some places was yet another precursor of what is likely to unfold in November, when the reliance on absentee voting systems could delay results past Election Day.